Overview
- Preparatory measures and risk assessments
- First contact
- Delivering difficult news
- Ongoing support
- Ending support – exit strategies.
(1) Prepare
WHAT:
- Type of incident – what is the situation & type of content will the FLR be dealing with?
- Evaluate circumstances– is the event/situation over or ongoing?
- What resources are available – Understand the availability and contact details for additional support that can be referred to.
WHO:
- Who requires FLR support?: NOK? One person, family, family & friends?
- FLR Selection/Assignment: Are you an appropriate fit for the needs & situation?
- Ethics of accepting FLR Role: Are you the right person to be providing support?
HOW, WHEN & WHERE:
- How – By what means will you be providing support (Face to face, telephone etc);
- Where will you be providing support from?
- How can you adequately mange the environment?
- Is there adequate privacy?
- Will you be alone in the family’s home?
- When will you be meeting – are all parties agreed the time and location etc.?
RISK:
- Consider Physical safety – are there any risks to be managed?
- Lone worker policy and RA
- Location of meeting considered safe?
- Consider psychological safety
- How will you manage this for FLR?
- For handling any concerns identified wrt family?
MEETING OBJECTIVES (outline beforehand), example*:
- Establish a good relationship with family.
- Ensure you pass on all relevant information.
- Obtain information from the family about the individual concerned, if required.
- Gain permissions, for example to share information with a third party, if required.
- Ensuring the family know where to reach out to for extra support
- Ensuring the family are clear about the organisation’s role and managing expectations of what happens next?
- Ensure they understand your role and the boundaries of that.

(2) First Contact
- Introduce yourself, so they are clear about who you are, where you are from & your role
- Establish NOK identity & provide overview of why you are there
- Be containing, provide boundaries, a sense of calm and safety and address any concerns
- Confidentiality – explain relevant information provided will be shared with the org.
- Discover what they know already* (Optional – situation specific)
(3) Delivering Difficult News
Part 1: Divulging Information:
- Be clear and direct with the information, use straightforward language
- Provide complex or voluminous information in short bursts – to allow people to assimilate each section of information at a time.
- Listen if they raise concerns – you will need to address these as they arise, or people shut off from new information and focus internally on the concern they have.
- Avoid minimising, prevarication, use of euphemisms, avoiding eye contact or moving away from person (body language), or over promising.
Part 2: Supportive dialogue:
- Listen, allow silence, respond to questions and the persons reactions to the news.
- Repetition – you can expect to repeat the news, often several times.
- Respond to the family’s feelings – by acknowledging them.
- Normalize their reactions.
- Explore their usual coping strategies and support mechanisms – Reinforce helpful strategies.
- Identify who else do they have who they trust and can reach out to and the benefits of utilising that.
- Provide signposting to adjunctive support services
- Be prepared to take breaks – do they have any basic or special needs?

(4) Ongoing support
A plan is important, as it acts as an emotionally stabilising anchor in difficult times.
1. Agree the plan together: How often will you be in touch? How/when can you and they be contacted? Ensure you agree your next point of contact before finishing – follow up is important!*
2. Summarise the session: Current state of play with situation. Agreed next steps.
3. Check if they have any final questions before you leave
(5) Ending Support – exit strategies
- Anticipate the ending sooner rather than later.
- Introduce it from the beginning.
- Explain what happens.
- Ensure they have support options if they need to speak with someone.